Method of and apparatus for fuel charging and igniting



NOV. 15, 1932. C KOCH 1,887,716

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FUEL CHARGING AND IGNITING Filed July 14,1922 I Theobject of this device Patented Nov. 15, 1932 V UNITED STATESCHARLES zoom-or KANE, PENNSYLVANIA i METHOD OF: AND im s U L CIYIVARGINGAND-IGNITING Application filed July '14,

1922.. Serial'No. 574,879.

(GRANTED mm rm: CT or MAME a, 1883, As AMENDED APRIL 30,1528; 370 do.757)" s My method efiiciently prepares, ignites and charges the fuelwith its more or less volamany forms of apparatus.

tile constituents, and may practiced with is to provide efii: cientmeans for confining the fuel under compression, igniting the fuel anddischarging the'ignited fuel to a desired source of utilization while inan incandescent state.

Another object is to have the explosion take place prior to thecoincidence of the port'in the cylindrical valve with the outletport.

A further purpose'of my invention is to provide a novel construction andarrangement of charge forming and igniting'device' wherein a pluralityof explosion chambers are formed within a rotary valve mechanism, sothat a constinuous supply of incandescent gasescan be provided.

"which will hereinafter appear, my invention comprehends a novel chargeforming and igniting device. i 1 v V I It further comprehends othernovel features of construction and advantage all as .will'hereinaftermore clearly appear in the detailed description and the appended'claim.

For the purpose of'illustrating my inven tion, I have shown in theaccompanying drawing a typical embodiment thereof which is at presentpreferred by me, since this em- I bodiment will be found inpractice-togive satisfactory and reliable results. It is, however, to beunderstood that the various instrumentalities of which my inventionconsists can be variously arranged and organized and that my inventionis not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of theseinstrumentalities as herein'shown and described. r

Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a charge forming and.igniting device embodying my invention, the section being takensubstantially on line 11 of Figure 4.

,Figure 2 represents,in side elevation, a

leak proof sealing ring employed.

Figure 3 represents a section on line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 represents an end elevation of V g 7 L driven by shaft 5 orotherwise, and spark-100 Figure 1.

. Similar numerals of reference indicate cor responding parts. 1 e.

Referring to the drawing. V

1 designates a casingof-a charge forming and igniting device, embodyingmy inven g tion, saidcasing being provided .with a water jacket 2through 'which' a; cooling medium :is

circulated in any desi'redmanner.

Thecasing 1 is provided with a removable end or head 3, which is securedin'position by 3 means of fastening devices 4. Y

5 designates a driving shaft, which is driven in any desired manner,vprefera-bly in timed relation with respect to the mechanism to whichthe incandescentor ignited gases are* to be delivered. The'shaft 5 ispreferably hollow toprovide for a circulation'ofatmosphericairtherethrough to prevent the over- 7 V heating of such shaft. This shaft5 is jour- 2o jWiththe above and other objects in'view shell'8, whichrevolveswithin the chamber 9 of the casing 1, and which forms rotarycombustion chambers. The shell 8 isfpr'o vided with closed ends and anintermediate partition 11 thereby dividing it'into two exspectively.

The valve rality of annular recesses 14, in each of which is seated asealing'ring 15 which is split for positioning in its said recess whereit is fixed in positionby'means of dowel pins 16. I I The sealing ring15 is'provided with a port 17 which registerswith the resp'ectii e port18 or'19 formed in thevalve shell 8. These openings lead each other by180. Each chamber 12 and 13 are provided with an intake port 20 and adischargeport 21, see Figure T f Each chamber 12 and 13 are provided,respectively in cavities 12A, 13A, supplemental thereto in casing 1,with means for effecting the ignition or explosion of'the charge suchas, forexample, sparkplugs 22,-which are controlled in timedrelationship in any desired or conventional manner. such as bygenerator22A, distributor 22B adapted to be shell 8 is provided with a plu-lso Iressure in an desired manner into the ins y 1 v w my present invention,the entire volume of.

take ports 20, and when the valve opening 18 or 19 is in register withits respective intake port, the explosive charge passes into the chamber12 or 13.

In operation the shaft 5 and the walls of shell :8 become hot so thatthe #fuel entering inlet port 20, through its associated elongated port1 7, 18, under pressure :is impacted against hot shaft 5 and deflectedinto divided streams which are further impacted against the hot interiorsurface of rotating shell 8,

and thence further deflected to other surfaces :of shell 8. Saidimpact-ings and deflections continue throughout the degrees of rotationof shell 8 in which said elongated port registers with inlet :port 20land bringthe fuel :and air admitted through port 20 in contact withsubstantially the wholeinterior surface of saidshell 8 associated withsaid elongated port, and. materially reduces the temperature of said.shaft and the walls of shell 8 so that they do-not exceed an efiict entworking temperature.

:Said reduction in temperature causes :a substantial increase in thetemperature of 'theiair and'fuel successively impacted anddefiected :asaforesaid and tends :to volatilize the less volatile constituents ofsaid fuel.

' Said successive impactings and deflections of :said fuel and airfurther creates turbulence materially promotes combustion (and rapidityof flame propagation upon ignition.

After the value has rotated into such position that its port is about toregister with its respective discharge port 2'1, the ignition :takesplace, and the ignited incandescent gases pass from the discharge port21to a desired point of utilization.

It will be apparent that while one chamber is having the explodedmixture discharged therefrom, the other chamber is having explosivemixture introduced thereinto.

.I't'wil'l be apparent that 'in accordance with explosive mixture isignited in a confined space and is then discharged, so that the entirevolume of incandescent zgases is discharged .at one time from :anexplosion chamher.

If used in conjunction with an internal combustion turbine, thedischarge of the ignited gases of the explosive mixture at highveloeity-throughthe passages 21 tends to produce a partial vacuum inchamber 12 or 13 .wherein said ignition occurred, and which tendency isincreased by the movement of the or of volatile fuels which can beignited at moderate pressure 'in contradistinction to heavy fuels whichare less volatileand which must be ignited under high pressure.

Special attention is directed to in the valves which, 'as'shown inFigure3,

I prefer to illustrate as about 13510f qport opening, it being apparentthat this can be increased or diminished as may be-consid- :ere'ddesirable in practice. 'The'dimensions of r, .1

the port opening would depend upon the speedat which the valve mechanismis to be operated. It will be seen that the explosion will take placejust prior to the ports 19 and 17 communicating with their dischargeport 21-and if a'low degree-ofmixture is-ernployed, the combustion willcontinue for a predetermined interval with the-op'en-ing of these ports.

a It will :now be apparent that I haveidevised.

the ports.

a new .and useful charge forming and ig- I niting device for light fuelswhich embodies the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in thestatement of the invention and the above description, and while I have,in.

the present instance, shown and described apreferred embodimentthereofwhich glvein practice satisfactory and reliable re- ..sults, it is to beunderstood that this embodiment is susceptible of modification invarious .particularswithoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of theinvention or sacrificing any .of its advantages.

The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by and forthe Government .of the United States for governmental purposes withoutthe payment to me of any royalty thereon or therefor.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Let-- ters Patent, is:

A combined charge forming and ignition device for producing a continuous.flow .of incandescent gas under high pressure comprising a casinghaving a plurality of intake and exhaust ports, a shaft journaled withinthe ends of the said casing, said shaft :being hollow to permitcirculation of a cooling medium therethrough, a rotary shell within thecasing having a plurality of combustion chambers, with said shaftextending across each of said chambers in alignment with the flow offuel from said intake ports each of said chambers having combined inletand outlet openings, said openings being so related to each other and sorelated to the exhaust and inlet ports of the casing that the rotationof the shell will produce progressively a substantiall continuous inletand exhaust for said cham ers and means whereby an ignition spark maybeprovided for each of the chambers at about the time its openingregisters with an exhaust port of the casing.

CHARLES N. KOCH.

